Italian aircraft carrier Giuseppe Garibaldi (551)
 | |
| Career (Italy) |  |
|---|---|
| Name: | Giuseppe Garibaldi |
| Builder: | Fincantieri |
| Laid down: | 26 March 1981[1] |
| Launched: | 11 June 1983 |
| Commissioned: | 30 September 1985 |
| Homeport: | Taranto |
| Motto: | "Obbedisco" |
| Status: | in active service, as of 2012 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type: | CVS aircraft carrier |
| Displacement: | 10,100 tons (standard) 13,850 tons (loaded) |
| Length: | 180.2 m |
| Beam: | 33.4 m |
| Draught: | 8.2 m |
| Propulsion: | 4 × General Electric/Avio LM2500 gas turbines providing 82,000 hp 6 × Diesel generators (9.360 KW) |
| Speed: | 30+ knots |
| Range: | 7,000 nautical miles (13,000 km) at 20 knots (37 km/h) |
| Complement: | 630 Crew 100 Fleet Air Arm 100 C4 staff |
| Sensors and processing systems: | MM/SPS-768 (RAN 3L) long-range radar SPS-774 (RAN-10S) early warning radar AN/SPS-52C early warning radar SPS-702 CORA surface search radar SPN-749 navigation radar SPN-728 approach radar RTN-30 fire control radar RTN-10X fire control radar DE 1160 LF hull sonar |
| Electronic warfare and decoys: | SLQ-732 jamming system SCLAR decoy launcher SLAT anti-torpedo system SLQ-25 Nixie towed torpedo decoy |
| Armament: | 2 × Mk.29 octuple launcher for Sea Sparrow/Selenia Aspide SAM 3 × Oto Melara Twin 40L70 DARDO 2 × 324 mm triple torpedo tubes 4 × Otomat Mk 2 SSMs (removed) |
| Aircraft carried: | AV-8B Harrier II fighter/bombers Augusta SH-3D or AgustaWestland EH101 helicopters (ASW, ASH and AEW) |
| Notes: | Pennant 551 |
Giuseppe Garibaldi (551) is an Italian aircraft carrier, the first through deck aviation ship ever built for the Italian Navy, and the first Italian ship built to operate fixed wing aircraft. She is equipped for STOVL aircraft and helicopters. The Garibaldi was involved in combat air operations off Kosovo, Afghanistan, and Libya.
Design
She is the fourth ship of the Italian Navy to be named after the 19th century Italian General Giuseppe Garibaldi. All the five ships included the missile cruiser, together with an image of Garibaldi, are depicted in the crest.
Built by Fincantieri (Italcantieri) at the Monfalcone shipyards on the Gulf of Trieste, she was laid down on 26 March 1981,[1] launched on 11 June 1983, and commissioned on 30 September 1985. Garibaldi is classed as a CVS–ASW or Anti-Submarine Warfare Aircraft Carrier and is based in Taranto.
The ship is powered by four Fiat COGAG gas turbines built under license from GE, offering a sustained power of 81,000 hp (60 MW). Driving two shafts the ship has a maximum speed of 30 knots (56 km/h) and can travel for 7,000 nautical miles (13,000 km) at around 20 knots (37 km/h).
The ship was equipped with four Otomat Mk2 long range surface to surface missile system installed at the stern of the ship (removed in 2003 to improve the flight deck and satellite communications) and two ILAS three triple tube torpedo launchers. Defences are provided by two eight-cell SAM launchers firing the SARH Aspide missile, additional defences are offered by three Oto Melara Twin 40L70 DARDO CIWS.
The ship also has many countermeasures include two SCLAR twenty-barrel launchers for chaff, decoy, flares, or jammers, the SLQ-25 Nixie and SLAT anti-torpedo systems and ECM systems.
Her air-arm consists of either a maximum sixteen AV-8B Harrier IIs, or eighteen Agusta helicopters or a mix of helicopters and fighters. The flight-deck is the characteristic off-axis design with 4 degrees ski-jump for STOL aircraft, it is 174 m long and 30.4 m wide.
The peace treaty following World War II banned Italy from having an aircraft carrier, and therefore at the time of her launch she did not receive her Harriers, and she was classed as Incrociatore portaeromobili (Italian for Aircraft carrying cruiser). Until 1988 only Italian helicopters landed on her deck, as well as RN Sea Harriers during NATO joint maneuvers. This ban on Italian aircraft carriers was lifted in 1989 and the Italian Navy received fixed-wing fighter bombers to fly from the Garibaldi.
In 2009 Garibaldi has been joined as the flagship of the Italian navy by the new and larger carrier Cavour.
Combat Operations
The "Garibaldi" has participated in combat operations in the Balkans, Afghanistan and Libya.- Balkans. In 1999 with the Kosovo War, Italy committed Harrier AV-8B II+ fighters embarked aboard the Garibaldi, from 13 May to early June 1999, 30 sorties were carried out in 63 hours of flight. The planes have used Mk 82 GBU-16 bombs and AGM-65 Maverick missiles. The Italian naval force in addition to the aircraft carrier Garibaldi, with its air group, also included the frigate Zeffiro.
- Afghanistan. Italy participated in Operation Enduring Freedom, following the attacks of 11 September 2001 and the war on terror declared by U.S. President Bush. The Giuseppe Garibaldi was engaged as a command ship of GRUPNAVIT I, 1 Italian Shipping Group, which also included besides the frigate Zeffiro Garibaldi, the patrol team and the airman supplier in Etna. Set sail from Taranto 18 November 2001, training in the Indian Ocean from December 3, 2001 to March 1 next, returning to Taranto March 18, 2002. During the mission, the AV-8B Harrier unit carried out 288 missions for a total of 860 hours of flight, tasks carried out included interception/interdiction, sea and air support, and aircraft interdiction in Afghanistan.
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